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Tuesday, October 6, 2015

ANOTHER REASON WHY I DON’T KEEP A GUN IN THE HOUSE - A STUDY


ANOTHER REASON WHY I DON’T KEEP A GUN IN THE HOUSE
We sometimes get so annoyed at someone in our lives that we feel helpless. We feel so angry that we feeling like killing the one who troubles us. But we know that it is immoral to do so and so we keep quite.
But this annoyance fades away in sometime as we get used to the situation and get adapted to dealing with it with a positive attitude. We often start taking it lightly and start enjoying it and the anger of the past gets buried deep somewhere without giving us any discomfort.
Billy Collins, the poet, is also too annoyed with his neighbor’s dog who keeps barking continuously. Billy is not able to tolerate the noise of the bark and is terribly annoyed.
The tone of annoyance is prominent in the initial part of the poem. The title-‘Another reason why I don’t keep a gun in the house’ brings out his intolerance and indirectly suggests that if he had a gun in the house, he would have killed the dog next door.
Even though he wants to suppress the bark, yet he doesn’t want to be violent. The repetition of the phrase ‘The neighbor’s dog will not stop barking’ suggests that he is too annoyed over the barking dog.
The pain that the poet feels due to the bark of the dog is re-emphasized in the lines where the dog’s barks clash with the Beethoven’s symphony playing on the poet’s orchestra. The image of the muted rhythmic barks of the dog being heard even when the symphony was being played at loud volumes on the orchestra clearly brings out the poet’s intolerance for the barking dog.
In spite of his annoyance over the dog’s incessant barks, the poet is able to get over and accept it. The tone of reflection is seen when the poet imagines the dog to be a solo part of his symphony. The line “his head raised confidently as if Beethoven had included a part for the barking dog” is a humorous way that the poet adopts to accept the intolerable dog. He manages to put himself to a restful state where he imagines the dog to be sitting in the oboe section of the orchestra barking his part. Also this is an acceptance to the fact that music may come from anywhere and not merely precious music instruments. He reflects upon the thought that all musicians are listening in surprise standing still when the dog continues to bark as if the bark was some pleasant and touching music by the dog.
The poet switches his tone from intolerance to acceptance and reflection in a humorous way. The imagination of the dog sitting on the orchestra is weird yet mind-provoking about the poet’s change in outlook towards the barking dog. The idea is evident that any annoying situation should gradually be accepted to bring back your peace of mind and to feel light and better about it. What annoys you highly can turn out humorous just by changing your outlook towards it.
A CRITICISM
Mr. Collins is obviously annoyed with the barking dog next door.  I can relate to this poem, as I would try to suppress the noise of a next door neighbor’s dog as well. The poet turns the annoyance of the dog, into a playful and humorous event, placing the barking dog into Beethoven’s orchestra.  The title is referring to the notion that if he had a gun in the house, he would most likely go next door, and kill the dog. I’m guessing he would regret his decision afterwards, so he decides not to keep a gun in the house all together. The title definitely catches the reader’s attention, in the fact that it is humorous, and just an odd title. The repetition of certain phrases, such as “The neighbors’ dog will not stop barking”, stresses to the reader really how annoying this dog must be. It also seems like that no right-minded artist would ever put a dog into one of his symphony’s, yet when the reader see’s that a dog is in Beethoven’s symphony, and a solo part at that, that it must be automatically accepted and applauded, because it is Beethoven.  The way Collins handles this problem through his imagination, creates a new way for him to handle it in a non-violent manner. I think if he did indeed have a gun in his household the dog would die, so not even owning a gun, takes the temptation out of the picture. You can relate to this if you were on a diet, and someone bought a pint of ice cream and stuck it in the freezer. The temptation would be there, and it would most likely turn out badly, resulting in that person eating the ice cream and ruining their diet. On that note, Billy Collins relieves his temptation by not even owning a firearm.
ANOTHER CRITICISM

        Billy Collins’ “Another Reason Why I Don’t Keep a Gun in the House” has a tone of musing and a theme of acceptance. It begins with the speaker being terribly annoyed at a dog that is constantly barking as if the neighbors “switch him on on their way out.” There is a short period where the dog and the music the speaker puts on clashes, but soon they become one and he sits there listening to the dog bark, finally content. The theme and tone is chiefly brought out through Collins’ use of imagery, “and now I can see him sitting in the orchestra.”

        The poem begins with a tone of annoyance, in fact, the title: “Another reason why I don’t keep a gun in the house” helps to emphasize the speaker’s annoyance with the dog – although it never really addresses who he intends to shoot, himself or the dog. The first two stanzas both begin with the same line “the neighbors’ dog will not stop barking,” once again reinforcing the pain this pesky dog is causing the speaker. The second stanza is where the conflict arises. For a brief moment, the dog’s muffled barks, “barking, barking, barking,” clash with the Beethoven symphony yet directly following this, the speaker imagines him in the orchestra.
It is not until the speaker has accepted the dog’s incessant barking that Collins begins to use imagery to convey a theme of acceptance, and a tone of reflection. Suddenly in the third stanza, the dog becomes part of Beethoven’s symphony with “his head raised confidently as if Beethoven had included a part for barking dog.” As the recording ends, the speaker imagines the dog sitting in the oboe section continuing to bark his part. This final image of the poem truly conveys a tone of acceptance – perhaps that music does not have to come from expensive instruments but it can come from anywhere. The fact that the speaker imagines this grand scene of the dog’s barking solo while all of the other musicians listen in awe to the “famous barking dog solo” also suggests a tone of reflection. That the speaker has finally accepted this dog’s bark, and is now reflecting upon it.
A NICE CRITICISM
 At first glance when looking at the work you really don't perceive to view the title and the dialogue as one in the same. Although after analyzing the entire content of the poem it's quite evident what is meant by the use of the dog as a symbol. The canine is truly symbolic because it is what it meant by keeping a gun in the house. The symbolic nature derives from the dog's constant barking and the narrator's need to keep the dog shut. From this active symbolism it can be interpreted that if the narrator in fact did have a firearm he or she would no doubt use it to dispense of the dog. So, it's actually quite ironic that the title is what it is, because while the title alludes to no having a firearm for fear of using it against a constant nuisance(dog) we see the narrator would almost but certainly go against what they display in the title. What it comes down to is that the narrator states they don't keep a gun in their home because they know obviously in the heat of the moment they will utterly use it without constraint and in this case kill the dog. 
    The symbolic use of the dog in the poem as the main nuisance was uniquely done by Billy Collins. This case of creating the problem to allude from a dog rather than a person gave the story a richer feel in word choice and interesting dialogue to go with. An interesting take on the poem seen was the personification of the dog to act as if it were capable of human traits such as the allusion of "rhythmic bark" and included Beethoven orchestra to mention.

A DIFFERENT CRITICISM

Yes, the dog is annoying. Yes, dogs bark endlessly as if it were the most natural thing in the world. Yes, the narrator would be inclined to shoot the dog if he owned a gun. Now that’s out of the way…
This is a rather grumpy narrator: this seems to be one of many reasons he offers himself for his lack of a firearm. “Another” reason. (I wonder how many reasons he needs? Also, if he had a gun, would he even have the balls to shoot his annoyances, or would he make another excuse to avoid doing something?) Given his reclusive tendencies–shutting the windows and blasting music rather than talking to his neighbours about the problem–he’s probably the cliched old man who squirts kids with a waterhose when they pass too close to the lawn.
This isn’t a poem about life’s unnecessary annoyances. This is a poem about being unnecessarily annoyed with life.
The narrator embraces a dissatisfied passivity that turns everyday occurrences into unbearable burdens. The perhaps distressed barking of a lonely little dog (I assume little as the barking is high-pitched) comes across as a noise engineered specifically to piss him off; It comes with an on-off switch deliberately flicked to torment the neighbours. And the narrator grumbles away in his shut-up house attempting to out-decibel a dog.
We can become accustomed to almost anything. Those who live near trains stop hearing them. Bodies become acclimated to the cold. Backaches fades into the background. Annoyances become gun-worthy only when the attention hones in on them and refuses to budge. Even with Beethoven in the background, the narrator listens for the bark beneath it.
His solution is snark–a typical Billy Collins response. He imagines (acerbically) the dog as part of the orchestra, barking the infinite coda. But he is right. The dog’s barking is now indeed a part of this particular performance of Beethoven, adding his input to the symphony. If Beethoven’s innovations (very broadly speaking) included unexpected additions, strong rhythms, and expanded orchestras, then adding in an unexpectedly rhythmic dog seems to fit. Mr. Grumpy is strangely on-target.
And forgive this goofy comment: if composers attempt to emulate and recreate nature through their music, how better than adding a touch of nature itself? Life simply happens and will creep in the through the cracks of your fortress no matter how tightly you shut yourself inside. Incorporate it, don’t fight it.
So, another reason why Mr. Grumpy doesn’t keep a gun in the house: one doesn’t shoot the oboist in the symphony. And even if you did, another one sits waiting to take his spot.




Billy Collins: Another Reason Why I Don't Keep a Gun in the House...

Billy Collins: Another Reason Why I Don't Keep a Gun in the House...: Another Reason Why I Don't Keep A Gun In The House








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Sunday, October 4, 2015

SREDNI VASHTAR


SREDNI VASHTAR
SREDNI VASHTAR SUMMARY

Conradin, a ten-year-old boy whom the doctor has given less than five years to live, is antagonized by his cousin and guardian, Mrs. De Ropp, who seems to take delight in thwarting him under the guise of taking care of him. Conradin finds escape in his vivid imagination and in an unused toolshed, in which he keeps two pets—a Houdan hen, on which he lavishes affection, and a ferret, which he fears and comes to venerate as a god.
Conradin names the ferret Sredni Vashtar and worships the beast as his god, bringing it flowers in season and celebrating festivals on special occasions, such as when his cousin suffers from a toothache. When his cousin notices him spending too much time in the shed, she discovers the Houdan hen and sells it. She is surprised when Conradin fails to show any emotion at the news, but Conradin changes his usual worshiping ritual. Instead of chanting Sredni Vashtar’s praises, he asks an unnamed boon of his god. Every day he repeats his request for the one wish from the ferret. Mrs. De Ropp, noticing his frequent visits to the toolshed, concludes that he must have something hidden there, which she assumes to be guinea pigs. She ransacks his room until she finds the key to the cage and goes out to the shed.
As she goes to the shed, Conradin watches her and imagines her triumph over him and his subsequent declining health under her oppressive care. He does not see her emerge from the shed for a long time, however, and he begins to hope, chanting to Sredni Vashtar. Finally, he notices the ferret coming out of the shed with dark, wet stains around its mouth and throat.
The maid announces tea and asks Conradin where his cousin is. He tells her that Mrs. De Ropp has gone to the shed, and the maid goes to announce tea to her. Conradin calmly butters his toast, relishing every moment as he hears the scream of the maid and the loud sobs and talk of the kitchen help, followed by the footsteps of someone carrying a heavy burden. Then he hears the kitchen help discussing who will tell the young boy the news as he takes another piece of toast to butter.

SREDNI VASHTAR THEMES

 

This short, macabre story is chilling in its portrayal of the fiendish young boy. Saki takes the boy’s point of view toward the annoying, officious cousin, who, the boy believes, delights in tormenting him. The boy lives almost entirely in his imagination. The real world is that which is ruled by adults such as his cousin, who are most disagreeable to him. In this aspect, Conradin seems to be a perfectly normal child at odds with the demands of the cruel outside world. What sets Conradin apart from other children is his almost pathological escape from reality and his achieving his revenge through the agency of the wild animal. What is usually only imaginary to a child is carried to fruition, and the child relishes it.
Conradin’s veneration of the ferret comes to take up more and more of his waking hours after his cousin has sold his beloved hen. It becomes an obsession with him, and the reader finally comes to understand that he prays that the beast will kill his cousin. When the ferret actually kills the cousin, the most shocking thing is the boy’s nonchalant, almost happy acceptance of the event. It is the boy’s reaction to the killing that takes the story out of the realm of reality.
Although Conradin’s condition is unusual in that he has been diagnosed as having a short time to live, he could, to an extent, be perceived as a typical boy escaping in his imagination from the cold world. Even his adoration of the ferret seems to differ only in degree from what could be considered normal. Sometimes normal children imagine killing their adult antagonists, and in this case, it could be considered accidental that his cousin is killed (although Conradin makes no effort to warn her, he fully expects her to emerge from the shed victorious, as she usually does when in conflict with him). However, the realization that his prayers have been answered and his cold, calm acceptance of the accomplished fact are shocking.
In a sense, then, the story can be seen as a child’s fantasy of getting even with the nonunderstanding world of adults. It is a kind of wish fulfillment of which many children dream. The horror is that Saki presents it as a reality, and the boy as fully enjoying the event.

SREDNI VASHTAR ANALYSIS

 

STYLE AND TECHNIQUE

 

All of Saki’s short stories are very short and to the point, and “Sredni Vashtar” is no exception. Many of his stories are also as macabre as this one. What distinguishes Saki’s stories is his ability to capture the feelings and attitudes of children toward their elders. That he was reared by two aunts, one of whom acted sadistically toward children, is probably what motivated Saki to fill so many of his stories with young children and sadistic elder guardians. His purpose is usually achieved by a quasi-objective narrative stance, in which the narrator interprets events from the point of view of the young protagonist but pretends to relate events objectively, as in this story.
The narrator at the beginning depicts the situation as Conradin views it. To him, Mrs. De Ropp represents “those three-fifths of the world that are necessary and disagreeable and real,” while “the other two-fifths, in perpetual antagonism to the foregoing, were summed up in himself and his imagination.” The fruit trees in the “dull cheerless garden” are described as being “jealously apart from his plucking, as though they were rare specimens of their kind blooming in an arid waste.” It is an adult narrating the perceptions of a child.
Mrs. De Ropp becomes for the boy the epitome of all that is respectable, and thus the antithesis of all that he holds dear. When she has sold his beloved hen, he refuses to let her see how deeply he feels the loss, but he is described as hating the world as represented chiefly by Mrs. De Ropp. His antipathy takes the form of his devoting his energies to praying more fervently to his animal god.
Saki cleverly omits mentioning the subject of Conradin’s supplication to Sredni Vashtar, and while the cousin is in the toolshed to get rid of the ferret, the narrator describes Conradin’s imagining his cruel cousin’s final triumph over him by extirpating the one creature he so venerates. Then, as Saki obliquely informs the reader of the demise of the hated guardian, his description of Conradin calmly eating and enjoying his butter and toast heightens the reader’s sense of shock.

 



Sredni Vashtar by Saki

COMBINING SIMPLE SENTENCES INTO A SIMPLE SENTENCE


COMBINING TWO OR MORE SIMPLE SENTENCES INTO A SINGLE SIMPLE SENTENCE
 There are several ways to combine simple sentences. We will learn some of these techniques .
BY USING A PARTICIPLE
He yelled loudly. He demanded admission.
Yelling loudly, he demanded admission.
The constable ran fast. He caught the thief.
Running fast, the constable caught the thief.
They realized the futility of violence. They changed their policy.
Realizing the futility of violence, they changed their policy.
BY USING A NOUN OR PHRASE IN APPOSITION
This is my friend. Her name is Maria.
This is my friend, Maria.
BY USING A PREPOSITION WITH A NOUN OR GERUND
Her husband died. She heard the news. She died.
Upon hearing the news of her husband’s death, she died.
He failed many times. He did not lose hope.
In spite of many failures, he did not lose hope.
BY USING THE ABSOLUTE CONSTRUCTION
The police arrived. The mob dispersed.
The police having arrived, the mob dispersed.
The watch was expensive. I could not buy it.
The watch being expensive, I couldn’t buy it.
BY USING AN INFINITIVE
I have some duties. I must perform them.
I have some duties to perform.
She wanted to pass the test. She worked hard.
She worked hard to pass the test.
He wanted to find a job. He went to the city.
He went to the city to find a job.
She is very old. She cannot walk.
She is too old to walk.
The tea was hot. I could not drink it.
The tea was too hot for me to drink.


Tuesday, September 29, 2015

COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

Image result for coordinating conjunction

Common coordinating conjunctions are: and, but, yet, or, nor, for, so, either…or, neither…nor. Coordinating conjunctions generally connect words or phrases of the same grammatical class. For example, a coordinating conjunction connects nouns with nouns, adverbs with adverbs or clauses with clauses. It cannot connect a noun with a verb or an adjective.
  • Jack and Jill went up the hill. (Here the coordinating conjunction ‘and’ connects the two nouns – Jack and Jill.)
  • He worked patiently and diligently. (Here ‘and’ connects the two adverbs patiently and diligently.)
Kinds of coordinating conjunctions
There are different types of coordinating conjunctions:
Cumulative or copulative conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions which merely add one clause to another are called cumulative or copulative conjunctions. Examples are:and, both…and, as well as, not only…but also.
  • He mounted the horse and rode off.
  • She is both pretty and intelligent.
  • Tom as well as John passed the test.
  • He was not only praised but also rewarded.
Adversative conjunctions
Some coordinating conjunctions are used to connect opposing or contrasting ideas or statements. They are called adversative conjunctions. Examples are: but, still, yet, whereas, while, nevertheless etc.
  • He is rich but he is unhappy.
  • He is poor yet he is happy.
Disjunctive or alternative conjunctions
Some coordinating conjunctions present two alternatives sometimes indicating a choice between them. Examples are: or, either…or, neither…nor, neither, nor etc.
  • You can have coffee or tea. (You can’t have them both.)
  • He neither wrote nor called.
  • He does not drink, neither does he smoke.
Illative conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions which express an inference are called illative conjunctions. Examples are: for, so.
  • He has been working for hours, so he must be tired.
Correlative conjunctions
Some conjunctions are used in pairs. They are called correlative conjunctions. Most correlative conjunctions are considered as coordinating conjunctions.

Saturday, September 26, 2015

IDENTIFY THE VOICE


IDENTIFY THE VOICE

1. I was shocked by the news.
2. His generosity surprised me.
3. I have my breakfast at 8.30.
4. I want to become a scientist.
5. The stones were being thrown by the boys.
6. The spider was killed by the boy.
7. My purse has been stolen.
8. The injured man was taken to the hospital.
9. I was watching TV.
10. The mouse was being chased by the cat.
11. The master punished the boy.
12. The trainer was breaking in the pony.
13. A cobbler mends shoes.
14. Tables and chairs are made by carpenters.
15. We are impressed with your performance.
16. Her performance enthralled the audience.
17. He sells newspapers at railway stations.
18. She earns 600 dollars a week.
Answers
1. was shocked – passive voice – simple past tense
2. surprised – active voice – simple past tense
3. have – active voice – simple present tense
4. want – active voice – simple present tense
5. were being thrown – passive voice – past continuous tense
6. was killed – passive voice – simple past tense
7. has been stolen – passive voice – present perfect tense
8. was taken – passive voice – simple past tense
9. was watching – active voice – past continuous tense
10. was being chased – passive voice – past continuous tense
11. punished – active voice – simple past tense
12. was breaking in – active voice – past continuous tense
13. mends – active voice – simple present tense
14. are made – passive voice – simple present tense
15. are impressed – passive voice – simple present tense
16. enthralled – simple past tense – active voice
17. sells – active voice – simple present tense.
18. earns – active voice – simple present tense