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MODAL AUXILIARIES

MODAL AUXILIARIES

Choose the correct option and complete the following sentences.

1. I don’t think that I ………………….. be able to come.

a) will
b) would
c) can

2. He ………………… not pay unless he is compelled.

a) will
b) shall
c) dare

3. You …………………… be punctual.

a) should
b) would
c) ought

4. I wish you ………………….tell me earlier.

a) should
b) would
c) must

5. ………………… I help you?

a) Shall
b) Will
c) Would

6. ………………….. you help me with this, please?

a) Shall
b) Should

c) Would

7. He said I ………………….. visit him at any time.

a) can
b) may
c) might

8. If you ………………… see her, give her my love.

a) would
b) should
c) shall

9. He ………………….. not ask for a raise for fear of losing his job.

a) dare
b) need
c) should

10. I ………………….. him, so I phoned him.

a) needn’t to see
b) needn’t have seen
c) didn’t need to see

Answers

1. I don’t think that I will be able to come.

2. He will not pay unless he is compelled.

3. You should be punctual.

4. I wish you would tell me earlier.

5. Shall I help you?

6. Would you help me with this, please?

7. He said I might visit him at any time.

8. If you should see her, give her my love.

9. He dare not ask for a raise for fear of losing his job.

10. I didn’t need to see him, so I phoned him.

EXPRESSIONS WITH ONCE

EXPRESSIONS WITH ONCE

Here is a list of expressions with once.

Break the fourth wall

To break the fourth wall is to speak directly to your audience during a stage performance.

Cheap at twice the price

If something is cheap at twice the price, it is quite expensive.

·         This shop only sells items that are cheap at twice the price.

Don’t think twice

If you don’t think twice about something, you are not concerned about it.

Eleventh hour

If something happens at the eleventh hour, it happens at the last minute.

Even a stopped clock is right twice a day

This expression is used to suggest that a person who don’t usually get things right can be correct on some rare occasions.

Fifth column

This expression is used to refer to people or institutions that support potential invaders while remaining within the country.

Fool me once, shame on you; fool me twice, shame on me

This proverb suggests that if someone cheats you once, the shame is on them, but if you allow them to cheat you twice, the shame is on you. That means you should not trust someone who has cheated you before.

For once

On this particular occasion

·         We will forgive him for once.

Fourth estate

An expression used to refer to the press or media. The other three are the clergy, the nobility and the common  people.

Lightning never strikes the same place twice

This expression is used to suggest that if something unusual happens in a place, it is unlikely to happen there again.

DEGREE MODIFIERS WORKSHEET

DEGREE MODIFIERS WORKSHEET

Complete the following sentences using appropriate words or phrases.

1. She is ………………….. nuisance.

a) quite a
b) a quite
c) Either could be used here

2. The situation is ……………………….

a) very serious

b) very much serious
c) Either could be used here

3. It is ……………………. cold.

a) very
b) much
c) very much

4. She is ………………… than her husband.

a) very older
b) much older
c) very much older

d) Either b or c can be used here

5. This movie is …………………. interesting.

a) quite
b) quite more
c) Either could be used here

6. This movie is ………………… than that movie.

a) quite more interesting
b) a lot more interesting
c) Either could be used here

7. You are …………………..

a) too good
b) too much good
c) Either could be used here

8. I don’t care …………………… expensive it is.

a) how
b) how much
c) Either could be used here

9. Today is …………………… than yesterday.

a) very colder
b) very much colder
c) much colder

d) Either b or C

Answers

1. She is quite a nuisance.

2. The situation is very serious.

3. It is very cold.

4. She is much / very much older than her husband.

5. This movie is quite interesting.

6. This movie is a lot more interesting than that movie.

7. You are too good.

8. I don’t care how expensive it is.

9. Today is much / very much colder than yesterday.

What are adjective clauses /relative clauses? I'll teach you!

What are adjective clauses /relative clauses? I'll teach you!

Is IS always a linking verb?

SENTENCE STRUCTURE

S

SENTENCE STRUCTURE

One way that we categorize sentences is by their structure. When we do that, we have four different types of sentences.

Before we tackle the topic of sentence structure, we need to make sure that you know about clauses.

A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. There are two main types of clauses. 

·  Independent clauses express complete thoughts. (I love cookies.) 

·  Dependent clauses don't express complete thoughts. They must be connected to independent clauses in order to make sense. (If I love cookies)

There are only four sentence structures, and all four of them are formed from combinations of those two kinds of clauses. Wow! That's crazy.

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Here They Are

1. Simple sentences contain just one independent clause.

I kicked the ball.

Here is a sentence diagram of a simple sentence. Notice that there is just one horizontal line.

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2. Compound sentences contain two or more independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction.

I kicked the ball, and it hit Tom.

Here is a sentence diagram of a compound sentence. Notice that there are now two horizontal lines and the bottom one is directly under the top one.

Bonus Tip: In order to be a compound sentence, a group of words must contain two or more independent clauses. For example, the following sentence is not a compound sentence.

Kristin and Kate walked to the park.

That sentence does contain a compound subject (Kristin, Kate), but since it only has one clause, it's not considered a compound sentence. It's a simple sentence!

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3. Complex sentences have an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses.

Tom cried because the ball hit him.

In this diagram, there are two horizontal lines again, but notice that one of them is below the other and to the right. Do you see how this looks different from the compound sentence diagram?

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4. Compound-complex sentences have two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.

Tom cried because the ball hit him, and I immediately apologized.

In this diagram, we have three horizontal lines! Do you see how this diagram is a combination of the last two diagrams?

If you really want to understand sentence structure (and have some fun), I highly recommend learning how to diagram sentences. When you diagram sentences, you make the relationships between words visual.

THROWING A TREE- THOMAS HARDY

Throwing a Tree
― Thomas Hardy – Throwing a Tree